Kua noho ko te whakamatao Peltier (te hangarau whakamatao thermoelectric e ahu mai ana i te pānga Peltier) hei tētahi o ngā hangarau matua o te pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana mō ngā taputapu PCR (polymerase chain reaction) nā te tere o te tauhohenga, te tika o te whakahaere pāmahana, me te rahi kiato, e tino pā ana ki te whai huatanga, te tika, me ngā āhuatanga tono o te PCR. E whai ake nei he tātaritanga taipitopito o ngā tono me ngā painga motuhake o te whakamatao thermoelectric (peltier cooling) mai i ngā whakaritenga matua o te PCR:
I. Ngā Whakaritenga Matua mō te Whakahaere Pāmahana i roto i te Hangarau PCR
Ko te tukanga matua o te PCR he huringa auau o te denaturation (90-95℃), te annealing (50-60℃), me te extension (72℃), he tino uaua ngā whakaritenga mō te pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana.
Te pikinga me te hekenga tere o te pāmahana: Whakapotohia te wā o tētahi huringa kotahi (hei tauira, he torutoru hēkona noa iho te hekenga mai i te 95℃ ki te 55℃), ā, whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te tauhohenga;
Te whakahaere pāmahana tino tika: Mā te rerekētanga o te pāmahana whakamahana o te ±0.5℃ ka hua pea he whakanui kore-motuhake, ā, me whakahaere i roto i te ±0.1℃.
Te ōritetanga o te pāmahana: Ina tauhohe ngā tauira maha i te wā kotahi, me ≤0.5℃ te rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i ngā puna tauira hei karo i te rerekētanga o te hua.
Urutaunga whakawhāiti: Me kiato te rahi o te PCR kawe (pēnei i ngā whakamātautau POCT i te papaanga), ā, me kore he wāhanga pakaru ā-mīhini.
II. Ngā Whakamahinga Matua o te whakamatao hiko wera i roto i te PCR
Ka tutuki i te TEC, te kōwae whakamatao Thermoelectric, te kōwae peltier, te "whakawhiti rua-ara o te whakamahana me te whakamatao" mā te iahiko tika, e tino rite ana ki ngā whakaritenga whakahaere pāmahana o te PCR. Ko ōna whakamahinga motuhake e whakaatuhia ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
1. Te pikinga me te hekenga tere o te pāmahana: Te whakapoto i te wā tauhohenga
Mātāpono: Mā te whakarerekē i te ahunga o te iahiko, ka taea e te waeine TEC, te waeine thermoelectric, te pūrere peltier te whakawhiti tere i waenga i te aratau "whakamahana" (ina anga whakamua te iahiko, ka huri te pito mimiti wera o te waeine TEC, te waeine peltier hei pito tuku wera) me te aratau "whakamatao" (ina anga whakamuri te iahiko, ka huri te pito tuku wera hei pito mimiti wera), me te wā urupare iti iho i te 1 hēkona.
Ngā Painga: Ko ngā tikanga whakamatao tuku iho (pērā i ngā pā me ngā pūwero) e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kawe wera, ki te nekehanga ā-mīhini rānei, ā, ko te tere whakamahana me te whakamatao he iti iho i te 2℃/s. Ina whakakotahihia te TEC me ngā poraka whakarewa kawe wera teitei (pērā i te parahi me te konumohe), ka taea te whakatutuki i te tere whakamahana me te whakamatao o te 5-10℃/s, ka whakaiti i te wā huringa PCR kotahi mai i te 30 meneti ki raro iho i te 10 meneti (pērā i ngā taputapu PCR tere).
2. Te whakahaere pāmahana tino tika: Te whakarite i te motuhake o te whakanui
Mātāpono: Ko te mana putanga (te kaha whakamahana/whakamatao) o te waeine TEC, te waeine whakamatao hiko wera, me te waeine hiko wera he hononga rārangi ki te kaha o te iahiko. I te whakakotahitanga me ngā pūoko pāmahana tino tika (pēnei i te ātete konukawata, te takirua wera) me te pūnaha whakahaere urupare PID, ka taea te whakarite i te iahiko i te wā tūturu kia tika ai te whakahaere pāmahana.
Ngā Painga: Ka taea e te tika o te whakahaere pāmahana te eke ki te ±0.1℃, he nui ake tēnei i te kaukau wai tuku iho, i te pouaka whakamātao rānei (±0.5℃). Hei tauira, mēnā ko te pāmahana ūnga i te wā whakamahana he 58℃, ka taea e te kōwae TEC, te kōwae thermoelectric, te pouaka whakamatao peltier, te huānga peltier te pupuri i tēnei pāmahana me te pumau, me te karo i te herenga kore-motuhake o ngā primers nā te piki me te heke o te pāmahana, ā, ka tino whakanui ake i te motuhaketanga o te whakanui.
3. Hoahoa iti: Te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga o te PCR kawe
Mātāpono: He torutoru noa henimita tapawha te rōrahi o te kōwae TEC, te huānga peltier, me te taputapu peltier (hei tauira, ka taea e te kōwae TEC 10×10mm, te kōwae whakamatao hiko wera, te kōwae peltier te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o tētahi tauira kotahi), kāore he wāhanga nekeneke ā-mīhini (pēnei i te piston o te compressor, i ngā mata pā rānei), ā, kāore e hiahiatia he hauhautanga.
Ngā Painga: Ina whakawhirinaki ngā taputapu PCR tuku iho ki ngā pūwero hei whakamatao, ko te rahinga he nui ake i te 50L. Heoi, ko ngā taputapu PCR kawe e whakamahi ana i te waeine whakamatao thermoelectric, te waeine thermoelectric, te waeine peltier, te waeine TEC ka taea te whakaiti ki raro iho i te 5L (pēnei i ngā taputapu ringaringa), kia pai ai mō te whakamātautau mara (pēnei i te tirotiro i te papa i te wā o ngā mate urutā), te whakamātautau taha moenga haumanu, me ētahi atu āhuatanga.
4. Te ōritetanga o te pāmahana: Me whakarite kia ōrite te āhua o ngā tauira rerekē
Mātāpono: Mā te whakarite i ngā huinga maha o ngā rarangi TEC (pērā i te 96 ngā TEC moroiti e rite ana ki tētahi pereti 96-pūnga), mā te whakakotahi rānei me ngā poraka whakarewa tiritiri wera (ngā rauemi kawe wera teitei), ka taea te whakakore i ngā rerekētanga pāmahana i puta mai i ngā rerekētanga takitahi o ngā TEC.
Ngā Painga: Ka taea te whakahaere i te rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i ngā Puna tauira i roto i te ±0.3℃, kia kore ai e rerekē te pai o te whakanui i puta mai i ngā pāmahana koretake i waenga i ngā Puna taha me ngā Puna pokapū, ā, kia rite ai ngā hua tauira (pēnei i te ōritetanga o ngā uara CT i roto i te PCR tauanga fluorescence wā-tūturu).
5. Te pono me te ngāwari o te tiaki: Whakaitihia ngā utu mō te wā roa
Mātāpono: Kāore he wāhanga e mau ana i te TEC, he roa te ora mō te neke atu i te 100,000 hāora, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he whakakapinga auau o ngā hauhautanga (pērā i te Freon i roto i ngā compressors).
Ngā Painga: Ko te roanga o te ora o tētahi taputapu PCR e whakamataohia ana e te pūwero tuku iho he tata ki te 5 ki te 8 tau, engari ka taea e te pūnaha TEC te whakaroa ake ki te neke atu i te 10 tau. Heoi anō, ko te tiaki anake me horoi te totohu wera, ka tino whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere me te tiaki o ngā taputapu.
III. Ngā Wero me ngā Whakapaipai i roto i ngā Taupānga
Kāore te whakamatao haurua-arataki i te tino tika i roto i te PCR, ā, me arotau kia arotahihia:
Te aukati i te whakamarara wera: Ina whakamatao te TEC, ka nui te wera ka kohia i te pito tuku wera (hei tauira, ina heke te pāmahana mai i te 95℃ ki te 55℃, ka eke te rerekētanga pāmahana ki te 40℃, ā, ka tino piki ake te mana tuku wera). Me hono atu ki tētahi pūnaha whakamarara wera whai hua (pēnei i ngā totohu wera parahi + ngā pā hau tāpine, ngā waeine whakamatao wai rānei), ki te kore ka heke te pai o te whakamatao (me te kino hoki i te wera nui).
Te whakahaere i te whakapaunga pūngao: I raro i ngā rerekētanga pāmahana nui, he nui te whakapaunga pūngao TEC (hei tauira, ka taea e te mana TEC o tētahi taputapu PCR 96-pūnga te eke ki te 100-200W), ā, me whakaiti te whakapaunga pūngao koretake mā roto i ngā rauropi atamai (pēnei i te whakahaere pāmahana matapae).
IV. Ngā Take Whakamahinga Whaihua
I tēnei wā, ko ngā taputapu PCR matua (ina koa ko ngā taputapu PCR tauanga fluorescence wā-tūturu) kua whakamahi i te hangarau whakamatao haurua-ira, hei tauira:
Ngā taputapu taiwhanga: He taputapu PCR tauanga fluorescence 96-puna o tētahi waitohu, e whakaatu ana i te whakahaere pāmahana TEC, me te tere whakamahana me te whakamatao tae atu ki te 6℃/s, te tika o te whakahaere pāmahana ±0.05℃, me te tautoko i te kitenga tere-teitei o ngā puna 384.
Pūrere kawe: Ka taea e tētahi taputapu PCR ringaringa (he iti iho i te 1kg te taumaha), i runga i te hoahoa TEC, te whakaoti i te kimi i te mate korona hou i roto i te 30 meneti, ā, he pai mō ngā āhuatanga kei te papaanga pēnei i ngā taunga rererangi me ngā hapori.
Whakarāpopototanga
Nā te whakamatao hiko werawera, me ōna painga matua e toru arā, te tere o te tauhohenga, te tino tika me te whakaitiiti, kua ea ngā uauatanga matua o te hangarau PCR e pā ana ki te whai huatanga, te motuhaketanga me te urutau ki ngā tirohanga, ā, kua noho hei hangarau paerewa mō ngā taputapu PCR hou (ina koa ko ngā taputapu tere me ngā taputapu kawe), me te whakatairanga i te PCR mai i te taiwhanga ki ngā mara tono whānui ake pērā i te kitenga taha haumanu me te kimi i te wāhi.
TES1-15809T200 mō te mīhini PCR
Te pāmahana taha wera: 30 C,
Imax: 9.2A,
Umamax: 18.6V
Qmax：99.5 W
Teitei T teitei: 67 C
ACR：1.7 ±15% Ω （1.53 ki te 1.87 Ohm）
Rahi: 77×16.8×2.8mm
Wā tuku: 13 o Ākuhata 2025
