Ko te waeine whakamatao hiko werawera, te peltier cooler (e mōhiotia ana ko ngā wāhanga whakamatao hiko werawera) he taputapu whakamatao āhua-totoka e hangai ana ki te pānga Peltier. He painga ēnei: kāore he nekehanga miihini, kāore he hauhautanga, he iti te rahi, he tere te urupare, me te whakahaere pāmahana tika. I ngā tau tata nei, kua whānui haere tonu ā rātou tono i roto i ngā hikohiko kaihoko, te tiaki hauora, ngā motuka me ētahi atu mara.
I. Ngā Mātāpono Matua o te pūnaha whakamatao hiko wera me ngā wāhanga
Ko te uho o te whakamatao hiko wera ko te pānga Peltier: ina hangaia e ngā rauemi haurua-ā-ira rerekē e rua (momo-P me te momo-N) he takirua takirua wera, ā, ka tukuna he iahiko tika, ka mimiti te wera i tētahi pito o te takirua takirua wera (pito whakamatao), ā, ka tukuna te wera e tētahi atu pito (pito whakamarara wera). Mā te whakarerekē i te ahunga o te iahiko, ka taea te whakawhiti i te pito whakamatao me te pito whakamarara wera.
Ko te mahi whakamatao e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tawhā matua e toru:
Te tauwehenga hiranga o te whakamahana hiko (uara ZT): He tohu matua tēnei mō te aromatawai i te mahi a ngā rauemi whakamahana hiko. Ka teitei ake te uara ZT, ka teitei ake te whai huatanga o te whakamatao.
Te rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i ngā pito wera me ngā pito makariri: Ko te pānga whakamarara wera i te pito whakamarara wera e whakatau tika ana i te kaha whakamatao i te pito whakamatao. Ki te kore e maeneene te whakamarara wera, ka whaiti te rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i ngā pito wera me ngā pito makariri, ā, ka tino heke te pai o te whakamatao.
Iahiko mahi: I roto i te awhe whakatauranga, ka whakanuia e te pikinga o te iahiko te kaha whakamatao. Heoi, ina hipa te paepae, ka heke te whai huatanga nā te pikinga o te wera Joule.
II Te hītori whanaketanga me ngā putanga hangarau o ngā waeine whakamatao hiko wera (pūnaha whakamatao peltier)
I ngā tau tata nei, kua arotahi te whanaketanga o ngā wāhanga whakamatao hiko-wera ki ngā huarahi matua e rua: te auahatanga rauemi me te arotautanga hanganga.
Te rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā rauemi hiko wera mahi teitei
Kua whakapiki ake te uara ZT o ngā rauemi tuku iho e hangai ana ki te Bi₂Te₃ ki te 1.2-1.5 mā te tāpiringa (pērā i te Sb, Se) me te maimoatanga nano.
He tino pai te mahi a ngā rauemi hou pēnei i te mata telluride (PbTe) me te koranu silicon-germanium (SiGe) i roto i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana reo me te pāmahana teitei (200 ki te 500℃).
E matapaetia ana ka whakaitihia ngā utu me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga e ngā rauemi hou pēnei i ngā rauemi thermoelectric hiato waro-kore-waro me ngā ārai āhuahanga.
Te arotautanga o te hanganga wāhanga
Hoahoa whakawhāiti: Te whakarite i ngā thermopile tauine-maikoro mā te hangarau MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga whakawhāiti o ngā hikohiko kaihoko.
Whakaurunga ā-pūtau: Honoa ngā waeine hiko wera maha i roto i te raupapa, i te whakarara rānei hei hanga i ngā kōwae whakamatao hiko wera mana-tiketike, ngā whakamatao peltier, ngā taputapu peltier, kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga whakamatao hiko wera ā-ahumahi.
Hanganga whakauru mō te whakamahana wera: Whakauruhia ngā tara whakamatao ki ngā tara whakamahana me ngā paipa wera hei whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te whakamahana me te whakaiti i te rōrahi whānui.
III Ngā āhuatanga tono noa o ngā waeine whakamatao hiko-wera, ngā wāhanga whakamatao hiko-wera
Ko te painga nui o ngā waeine whakamatao hiko wera kei roto i tōna āhua totoka, te kore haruru, me te whakahaere pāmahana tika. Nō reira, he mea nui tonu ēnei i roto i ngā āhuatanga kāore e pai ana ngā pūwhakamātao mō te whakamatao.
I roto i te mara o ngā hikohiko kaihoko
Te whakamarara wera o ngā waea pūkoro: Ko ngā waea petipeti kounga teitei he waeine whakamatao hiko moroiti, he waeine TEC, he taputapu peltier, he waeine peltier, ā, mā te whakamahi tahi me ngā pūnaha whakamatao wai, ka taea te whakaheke tere i te pāmahana maramara, ka ārai i te whakahekenga auau nā te wera nui i te wā e petipeti ana.
Ngā pouaka whakamātao waka, Ngā pouaka whakamātao waka: Ko te nuinga o ngā pouaka whakamātao waka iti e whakamahi ana i te hangarau whakamatao hiko wera, e whakakotahi ana i ngā mahi whakamatao me te whakamahana (ka taea te whakamahana mā te huri i te ahunga o te iahiko). He iti te rahi, he iti te whakapaunga hiko, ā, he hototahi ki te pūtake hiko 12V o te waka.
Kapu whakamatao inu/kapu ārai: Kei roto i te kapu whakamatao kawe he pereti whakamatao moroiti kua hangaia, ka taea te whakamatao tere i ngā inu ki te 5 ki te 15 nekehanga Celsius me te kore e whakawhirinaki ki te pouaka whakamātao.
2. Ngā mara hauora me te koiora
Ngā taputapu whakahaere pāmahana tika: pērā i ngā taputapu PCR (ngā taputapu tauhohenga mekameka polymerase) me ngā pouaka whakamātao toto, me whai taiao pāmahana iti pumau. Ka taea e ngā wāhanga pouaka whakamātao haurua-arataki te whakatutuki i te whakahaere pāmahana tika i roto i te ±0.1℃, ā, kāore he mōrearea o te poke o te pouaka whakamātao.
Ngā taputapu hauora kawe: pērā i ngā pouaka whakamatao insulin, he iti te rahi, he roa hoki te ora o te pākahiko, he pai mō ngā tūroro mate huka ki te kawe i a rātou e haere ana ki waho, kia mau tonu ai te pāmahana rokiroki o te insulin.
Te whakahaere pāmahana o ngā taputapu taiaho: He tairongo ngā wāhanga matua o ngā taputapu maimoatanga taiaho hauora (pēnei i ngā taiaho) ki te pāmahana, ā, ka taea e ngā wāhanga whakamatao haurua-haurua te whakamarara i te wera i te wā tonu hei whakarite i te mahi pumau o ngā taputapu.
3. Ngā mara ahumahi me ngā mara rererangi
Ngā taputapu whakamatao iti-ahumahi: pērā i ngā rūma whakamātautau tawhito o ngā wāhanga hiko me ngā taputapu tika mō ngā kaukau pāmahana pumau, e hiahia ana ki te taiao pāmahana iti o te rohe, ngā waeine whakamatao thermoelectric, ka taea te whakarite i ngā wāhanga thermoelectric me te mana whakamatao e hiahiatia ana.
Ngā taputapu rererangi: He uaua ki ngā taputapu hiko i roto i ngā waka rererangi te whakamarara i te wera i roto i te taiao korehau. Ko ngā pūnaha whakamatao thermoelectric, ngā waeine whakamatao thermoelectric, ngā wāhanga thermoelectric, hei taputapu totoka, he tino pono, kāore hoki e wiri, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei whakahaere i te pāmahana o ngā taputapu hiko i roto i ngā amiorangi me ngā teihana mokowhiti.
4. Ētahi atu āhuatanga hou
Ngā taputapu mau: Ka taea e ngā potae whakamatao atamai me ngā kākahu whakamatao, me ngā pereti whakamatao hiko wera ngāwari kua hangaia ki roto, te whakarato whakamatao ā-rohe mō te tinana tangata i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana teitei, ā, he pai hoki mō ngā kaimahi o waho.
Te whakahaere mekameka matao: Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pouaka takai mekameka matao iti, e whakakahangia ana e te whakamatao thermoelectric, te whakamatao peltier me ngā pākahiko, mō te kawe i ngā kano kano me ngā hua hou i tawhiti poto, me te kore e whakawhirinaki ki ngā taraka pouaka whakamātao nui.
IV. Ngā Here me ngā Auahatanga Whakawhanake o ngā waeine whakamatao hiko wera, ngā wāhanga whakamatao peltier
Ngā herenga o nāianei
He iti noa te pai o te whakamatao: Ko tōna ōwehenga pai o te pūngao (COP) kei waenga i te 0.3 me te 0.8, he iti iho i te whakamatao o te kōpeketanga (ka taea e te COP te eke ki te 2 ki te 5), ā, kāore e pai mō ngā āhuatanga whakamatao nui me te kaha nui.
Ngā whakaritenga mō te nui o te wera e tukuna ana: Ki te kore e taea te tuku i te wera i te pito o te wera i te wā tika, ka pā kino ki te hua whakamatao. Nō reira, me whai pūnaha whakamahana pai, e whakawhāiti ana i te whakamahinga i roto i ētahi āhuatanga iti.
Te utu nui: He nui ake te utu mō te whakarite i ngā rauemi hiko wera-teitei (pērā i te Bi₂Te₃ kua tāpirihia ki te nano) i ērā o ngā rauemi whakamatao tuku iho, ā, he nui ake te utu mō ngā wāhanga utu nui.
2. Ngā au whanaketanga ā muri ake nei
Te whanaketanga rauemi: Te whakawhanake i ngā rauemi hiko wera iti te utu, he nui te uara ZT, me te whāinga kia whakapiki ake i te uara ZT pāmahana rūma ki runga ake i te 2.0 me te whakawhāiti i te āputa whai huatanga mā te whakamahi i te pūwhakamātao pūwero.
Ngāwari me te whakauru: Whakawhanake i ngā kōwae whakamatao hiko wera ngāwari, ngā kōwae TEC, ngā kōwae hiko wera, ngā taputapu peltier, ngā kōwae peltier, ngā whakamatao peltier, kia urutau ki ngā taputapu mata piko (pēnei i ngā waea pūkoro mata ngāwari me ngā taputapu mau atamai); Whakatairanga i te whakauru o ngā wāhanga whakamatao hiko wera me ngā maramara me ngā pūoko kia tutuki ai te "whakahaere pāmahana taumata-maramara".
Hoahoa penapena-pūngao: Mā te whakauru i te hangarau Ipurangi o ngā Mea (iot), ka tutukihia te tīmatanga-mutu atamai me te whakahaere hiko o ngā wāhanga whakamatao, ka whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao katoa.
Whakarāpopototanga V.
Ko ngā waeine whakamatao hiko werawera, ngā waeine whakamatao peltier, ngā pūnaha whakamatao hiko werawera, me ō rātou painga ahurei o te noho pūmau, te noho puku me te whakahaere tika i te pāmahana, e noho ana i tētahi tūranga nui i roto i ngā mara pēnei i te hikohiko kaihoko, te tiaki hauora me te rererangi. Mā te whakapai tonu i te hangarau rauemi hiko werawera me te hoahoa hanganga, ka āta whakapai ake ngā take o tōna whai huatanga me te utu whakamatao, ā, e tūmanakohia ana ka whakakapi i te hangarau whakamatao tuku iho i roto i ngā āhuatanga motuhake ake a muri ake nei.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-12-2025
