Te whanaketanga me te whakamahinga o te waeine whakamatao hiko wera, te waeine TEC, te waiwhakamatao peltier i roto i te mara o te hikohiko opto.
He mea nui te mahi a te Pūwhakamatao Thermoelectric, te kōwae thermoelectric, te kōwae peltier (TEC) i roto i te ao o ngā hua optoelectronic me ōna painga ahurei. Anei tētahi tātaritanga o tōna whakamahinga whānui i roto i ngā hua optoelectronic:
I. Ngā Marae Taupānga Matua me te Tikanga Mahi
1. Te whakahaere tika i te pāmahana o te taiaho
• Ngā whakaritenga matua: He tino tairongo ngā reihi haurua-ira (LDS), ngā pūtake papu reihi muka, me ngā tioata reihi totoka ki te pāmahana. Ka arahi pea ngā huringa pāmahana ki:
• Te paheketanga o te roangaru: Ka pā ki te tika o te roangaru o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero (pērā i ngā pūnaha DWDM) me te pumau o te tukatuka rauemi.
• Te piki me te heke o te mana whakaputa: Ka whakaiti i te ōritetanga o te putanga pūnaha.
• Te rerekētanga o te iahiko paepae: Ka whakaiti i te pai o te mahi, ka whakapiki hoki i te whakapaunga hiko.
• Te roa o te ora: Ka tere ake te tawhito o ngā taputapu i ngā pāmahana teitei.
• Mētara TEC, mahi mō te mōtara wera hiko: Mā te pūnaha whakahaere pāmahana porowhita-katia (pūoko pāmahana + kaiwhakahaere + mōtara TEC, whakamatao TE), ka whakapūmautia te pāmahana mahi o te maramara taiaho, o te mōtara rānei ki te pūwāhi tino pai (te tikanga 25°C±0.1°C, teitei ake rānei te tika), ka whakarite kia pumau te roanga ngaru, kia pumau te putanga mana, kia pai te mahi me te roa o te ora. Koinei te taurangi matua mō ngā mara pēnei i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whatu, te tukatuka taiaho, me ngā taiaho hauora.
2. Te whakamatao i ngā pūoko whakaahua/pūoko whero
• Ngā Whakaritenga Matua:
• Whakaitihia te ia pōuri: Ko ngā huinga papa arotahi infrared (IRFPA) pērā i ngā photodiode (ina koa ko ngā pūoko InGaAs e whakamahia ana i roto i te whakawhitiwhiti tata-infrared), ngā photodiode avalanche (APD), me te mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe) he nui ngā ia pōuri i te pāmahana rūma, ka tino whakaiti i te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru (SNR) me te aro ki te kimi.
• Te pehi i te haruru wera: Ko te haruru wera o te pūoko tonu te mea matua e whakawhāiti ana i te rohe kitenga (pērā i ngā tohu mārama ngoikore me te whakaahua tawhiti).
• Te waeine whakamatao werawera, te mahi a te waeine Peltier (wāhanga peltier): Whakamatao i te maramara kite, i te kete katoa rānei ki ngā pāmahana iti iho i te taiao (pēnei i te -40°C, ki raro iho rānei). Ka whakaiti nui i te haruru o te au pouri me te wera, ā, ka whakapai ake i te aro, te tere kite me te kounga whakaahua o te taputapu. He mea tino nui tēnei mō ngā whakaahua wera infrared mahi teitei, ngā taputapu tirohanga pō, ngā ine irahiko, me ngā kite irahiko kotahi-photon whakawhitiwhiti matū.
3. Te whakahaere pāmahana o ngā pūnaha me ngā wāhanga whatu tino tika
• Ngā whakaritenga matua: He tairongo ngā wāhanga matua o te tūāpapa whatu (pēnei i ngā whatu muka Bragg, ngā tātari, ngā ine whakawhiti, ngā rōpū arotahi, ngā pūoko CCD/CMOS) ki te whakawhānui wera me ngā tauwehenga pāmahana taupū whakaata. Ka taea e ngā huringa pāmahana te whakarerekē i te roa o te ara whatu, te nekehanga roa arotahi, me te nekehanga roangaru i waenganui o te tātari, ka heke te mahi a te pūnaha (pēnei i te whakaahua pōuri, te ara whatu hē, me ngā hapa ine).
• Kōwae TEC, kōwae whakamatao hiko wera Mahi:
• Whakahaere pāmahana hohe: Kua tāutahia ngā wāhanga whatu matua ki runga i tētahi papa kawe wera teitei, ā, ko te kōwae TEC (te whakamatao peltier, te taputapu peltier), te taputapu thermoelectric ka whakahaere tika i te pāmahana (ka pupuri i te pāmahana pumau, i tētahi kōpiko pāmahana motuhake rānei).
• Te whakataurite i te pāmahana: Whakakorehia te rerekētanga pāmahana i roto i ngā taputapu, i waenga rānei i ngā wāhanga hei whakarite i te pumau o te pūnaha i roto i te pāmahana.
• Ārai i ngā rerekētanga taiao: Hei utu mō te pānga o ngā huringa pāmahana taiao o waho ki te ara whatu tino tika o roto. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā ine matawai tino tika, ngā karu tiro whetū, ngā mīhini whakaahua-ipurangi, ngā karu hiko matatau, ngā pūnaha pūoko muka whatu, me ētahi atu.
4. Te arotautanga o te mahi me te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o ngā rama LED
• Ngā whakaritenga matua: Ka puta he wera nui i te wā e whakamahia ana ngā rama hiko-teitei (ina koa mō te whakaata, te whakamārama, me te whakamaroke UV). Mā te pikinga o te pāmahana hononga ka hua ake:
• Te hekenga o te pai o te kanapa: Kua heke te pai o te hurihanga hiko-whatu.
• Te nekehanga o te roangaru: Ka pā ki te ōritetanga o te tae (pēnei i te whakaata RGB).
• Te whakahekenga ohorere o te roa o te ora: Ko te pāmahana hononga te mea nui rawa atu e pā ana ki te roa o te ora o ngā rama LED (e whai ana i te tauira Arrhenius).
• Ngā kōwae TEC, ngā whakamatao wera hiko, ngā kōwae wera hiko Mahi: Mō ngā tono LED me te mana tino teitei, ngā whakaritenga whakahaere pāmahana tino pakari rānei (pēnei i ētahi pūtake rama whakaata me ngā pūtake rama taumata-pūtaiao), ka taea e te kōwae wera hiko, te kōwae whakamatao wera hiko, te taputapu peltier, te huānga peltier te whakarato i ngā āheinga whakamatao hohe kaha ake me te tika atu i ngā totohu wera tuku iho, me te pupuri i te pāmahana hononga LED i roto i te awhe haumaru me te whai hua, me te pupuri i te putanga kanapa teitei, te whānuitanga pumau me te roa o te ora.
Ii. He Whakamārama Taipitopito mō ngā Painga Kāore e Whakakapia o ngā kōwae TEC, ngā kōwae thermoelectric, ngā taputapu thermoelectric (ngā pouaka whakamatao peltier) i roto i ngā Whakamahinga Hiko Opto
1. Te kaha whakahaere pāmahana tika: Ka taea e ia te whakatutuki i te whakahaere pāmahana pumau me te ±0.01°C, neke atu rānei te tika, he nui atu i ngā tikanga tohatoha wera kore mahi, kore mahi rānei pērā i te whakamatao hau me te whakamatao wai, e tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga whakahaere pāmahana tino pakari o ngā taputapu hiko-whakaata.
2. Kāore he wāhanga neke, kāore hoki he hauhautanga: Te mahi totoka, kāore he wiri o te pūwero, kāore he pokanoa o te wiri o te hauhautanga, kāore he mōrearea o te turuturu o te hauhautanga, he tino pono, kāore he tiaki, he pai mō ngā taiao motuhake pēnei i te korehau me te wāhi.
3. Te urupare tere me te āheinga ki te huri: Mā te whakarerekē i te ahunga o nāianei, ka taea te huri tonu i te aratau whakamatao/whakamahana, me te tere urupare tere (i roto i ngā mirihekona). He tino pai mō te whakahaere i ngā kawenga wera tauwhiro, i ngā tono rānei e hiahia ana kia tika te huringa pāmahana (pēnei i te whakamātautau taputapu).
4. Te whakaitiiti me te ngāwari: He hanganga kiato (te matotoru o te taumata mirimita), he nui te kaha o te mana, ā, ka taea te whakauru ngāwari ki roto i te takai taumata-maramara, taumata-kōwae, taumata-pūnaha rānei, kia urutau ai ki te hoahoa o ngā hua hikohiko rerekē e herea ana e te wāhi.
5. Whakahaere pāmahana ā-rohe tika: Ka taea e ia te whakamatao, te whakamahana rānei i ngā wāhi wera motuhake me te kore e whakamatao i te pūnaha katoa, ka hua ake he ōwehenga pai ake o te pūngao me te hoahoa pūnaha māmā ake.
Iii. Ngā Take Taupānga me ngā Auahatanga Whakawhanake
• Ngā kōwae whatu: Ko te kōwae Micro TEC (te kōwae whakamatao thermoelectric moroiti, te kōwae whakamatao thermoelectric, ngā taiaho DFB/EML whakamatao e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā kōwae whatu parapara 10G/25G/100G/400G me ngā kōwae whatu parapara tere teitei ake (SFP+, QSFP-DD, OSFP) hei whakarite i te kounga tauira kanohi me te tere hapa moka i te wā e tuku ana i tawhiti.
• LiDAR: Ko ngā pūtake rama taiaho VCSEL, e whakaputa taha ana rānei i ngā LiDAR motuka me ngā LiDAR ahumahi, me whakamahi i ngā waeine TEC, i ngā waeine whakamatao thermoelectric, i ngā waeine whakamatao thermoelectric, i ngā waeine peltier hei whakarite i te pumau o te pāta me te tika o te whānuitanga, inā koa i ngā horopaki e hiahia ana kia kitea i tawhiti me te taumira teitei.
• Whakaahua wera whero-whero: Ka whakapūmauhia te huinga papa arotahi moroiti-iradiometer kore-matao (UFPA) kounga teitei i te pāmahana whakahaere (te tikanga ~32°C) mā roto i tētahi wāhanga wae whakamatao hiko-wera TEC kotahi, maha rānei, hei whakaiti i te haruru o te nekehanga pāmahana; Me whakamatao hohonu ngā pūoko infrared ngaru-waenga/ngaru-roa pouaka whakamātao (MCT, InSb) (ka tutuki te -196°C mā ngā pouaka whakamātao Stirling, engari i roto i ngā tono iti, ka taea te whakamahi i te wae whakamatao-wera TEC, te wae peltier mō te whakamatao-mua, te whakahaere pāmahana tuarua rānei).
• Te kimi i te hihi-ā-ira koiora/te ine-ā-ira Raman: Mā te whakamatao i te kāmera CCD/CMOS, i te ngongo whakarea whakaahua rānei (PMT) ka tino whakarei ake i te rohe kimi me te kounga whakaahua o ngā tohu hihi-ā-ira/Raman ngoikore.
• Ngā whakamātautau whatu kuantum: Whakaratohia he taiao pāmahana iti mō ngā pūoko irahiko kotahi (pēnei i te waea nano superconducting SNSPD, e hiahia ana ki ngā pāmahana tino iti, engari ko te Si/InGaAs APD ka whakamataohia e te TEC Module, te kōwae whakamatao thermoelectric, te kōwae thermoelectric, te whakamatao TE) me ētahi pūtake mārama kuantum.
• Te ia o te whanaketanga: Te rangahau me te whakawhanake i te waeine whakamatao hiko werawera, te taputapu hiko werawera, te waeine TEC me te pai ake o te mahi (te uara ZT kua piki ake), te utu iti ake, te rahi iti ake me te kaha whakamatao kaha ake; He pai ake te whakauru atu ki ngā hangarau takai matatau (pēnei i te 3D IC, Co-Packaged Optics); Ko ngā rauropi whakahaere pāmahana atamai e arotau ana i te pai o te pūngao.
Kua noho ngā kōwae whakamatao thermoelectric, ngā whakamatao thermoelectric, ngā kōwae thermoelectric, ngā huānga peltier, ngā taputapu peltier hei wāhanga whakahaere wera matua o ngā hua optoelectronic mahi-teitei hou. Ko tōna whakahaere pāmahana tika, te pono o te āhua totoka, te urupare tere, me te iti me te ngāwari e aro pai ana ki ngā wero matua pēnei i te pumau o ngā roangaru laser, te whakapai ake i te aro o te pūoko, te pehi i te nekehanga wera i roto i ngā pūnaha whatu, me te pupuri i te mahi LED mana-teitei. I te whanaketanga o te hangarau optoelectronic ki te mahi teitei ake, te rahi iti ake me te tono whānui, ka haere tonu te mahi a te kōwae TEC, te whakamatao peltier, te kōwae peltier, ā, kei te auaha tonu tana hangarau ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga e piki haere ana te tono.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-03-2025
